Aluminum veneer

△雜亂無章的鋁板種類

△ Types of disorderly aluminum plates

說實話，跟分辨鋁板種類一樣，理解鋁單板的節(jié)點做法其實也比較麻煩，因為鋁單板不同于“木材”和“石材”這樣只有幾種工藝做法的材料。

To be honest, just like distinguishing the types of aluminum panels, understanding the node method of aluminum veneers is actually quite troublesome, because aluminum veneers are different from materials with only a few process methods such as "wood" and "stone".

1、鋁單板與不銹鋼的區(qū)別

1. The difference between aluminum veneer and stainless steel

鋁單板的節(jié)點做法是隨著構(gòu)造造型、安裝部位，面積大小、完成面尺度以及施工工期都密切相關(guān)。不知道大家是否還記得不銹鋼的5種常見的節(jié)點做法，如下圖所示：

The node method of aluminum veneer is closely related to its structural shape, installation location, area size, finished surface scale, and construction period. I don't know if you still remember the 5 common node practices of stainless steel, as shown in the following figure:

△金屬單板的五種節(jié)點做法

Five node methods for metal veneer

以上5種做法，是對幾乎所有金屬板材安裝固定的抽象化表達。其中“扣裝”（又叫卡扣、掛裝）、“膠粘”、“打釘”這3類做法同時也適用于鋁單板的安裝。

The above five practices are Abstraction expressions for the installation and fixation of almost all metal plates. The three methods of "buckle installation" (also known as buckle or hanging installation), "adhesive", and "nailing" are also applicable to the installation of aluminum veneers.

2、需要掌握的數(shù)據(jù)

2. Data that needs to be mastered

在介紹鋁單板的節(jié)點工藝之前，大家還需要知道一些數(shù)據(jù)，分別是：

Before introducing the node process of aluminum veneers, you also need to know some data, which are:

a、國內(nèi)多數(shù)廠家的鋁單板大常規(guī)規(guī)格可以做到6000mm×2000mm。一些特殊尺寸可把長邊做至8000mm（L）×1800mm（W）。

a. Most domestic manufacturers can achieve a large conventional specification of 6000mm for aluminum veneer × 2000mm. Some special sizes can be made with long edges up to 8000mm (L) × 1800mm (W).

b、鋁單板的常規(guī)厚度為2.5mm、3.0mm、4.0mm。有特殊需求的可以做更薄（1.5mm、2.0mm）或者更厚。

b. The conventional thickness of aluminum veneer is 2.5mm, 3.0mm, and 4.0mm. For those with special needs, they can be made thinner (1.5mm, 2.0mm) or thicker.

c、鋁單板常見的規(guī)格為：600mm×600mm、600mm×1200mm，常用寬度為1220mm或1500mm居多。

c. The common specifications for aluminum veneer are: 600mm × 600mm, 600mm × 1200mm, commonly used width is 1220mm or 1500mm.

這些鋁單板的規(guī)格數(shù)據(jù)你需要牢牢記住，在分縫設(shè)計中要考慮到，不要出現(xiàn)像【木飾面】板材中出現(xiàn)的分縫不和諧的問題。

You need to firmly remember the specification data of these aluminum veneers, and in the seam design, it should be taken into account to avoid problems such as disharmony in the seam of the wooden veneer board.

△木飾面未考慮分縫導(dǎo)致的設(shè)計問題

△ The design issues caused by the lack of consideration of joints in the wooden veneer

接下來，咱們由淺入深的對常見鋁板做法進行圖解，這一部分主要講解“膠粘”、“打釘”的安裝方式。

Next, let's illustrate the common aluminum plate methods from simple to deep, and this section mainly explains the installation methods of "adhesive" and "nailing".

1、膠粘式鋁單板的節(jié)點做法

1. Node practice of adhesive aluminum veneer

膠粘式的鋁單板節(jié)點為簡單，如做法如下所示：

The adhesive type aluminum veneer node is simple, as follows:

△膠粘式鋁單板CAD節(jié)點示意圖

Schematic diagram of CAD nodes for adhesive aluminum veneer

這種做法是制圖難度小，但是施工難度大以及后期出現(xiàn)質(zhì)量隱患多的做法。

This approach is a method where the difficulty of drawing is low, but the difficulty of construction is high and there are many quality hazards in the later stage.

因為金屬板面積越大，對平整度要求就越高，板子也就越厚，而且越容易起波光效果。這種膠粘的方式只適用于板材厚度薄的材質(zhì)，比如不銹鋼板、銅板等，壁厚一般為1.2~1.5mm。

Because the larger the area of the metal plate, the higher the requirement for flatness, the thicker the plate, and the easier it is to produce a shimmering effect. This adhesive method is only applicable to materials with thin plate thickness, such as stainless steel plate, copper plate, etc., and the wall thickness is generally 1.2-1.5mm.

△膠粘式鋁單板三維節(jié)點示意圖

Schematic diagram of three-dimensional nodes of △ adhesive aluminum veneer

這樣的節(jié)點做法用在鋁單板的安裝時，只建議用于小面積的墻面鋁板裝飾上，吊頂和大面積裝飾不建議采用此種做法，所以，一般在項目上幾乎用不到這樣的鋁單板做法。

This node method is only recommended for small area wall aluminum panel decoration when installing aluminum veneers, and is not recommended for ceiling and large area decoration. Therefore, this aluminum veneering method is rarely used in projects.

2、打釘式鋁單板的節(jié)點做法

2. Node practice of nailed aluminum veneer

如上圖所示，鋁單板的安裝方式?jīng)Q定了鋁單板的出廠形態(tài)。

As shown in the above figure, the installation method of the aluminum veneer determines the factory form of the aluminum veneer.

如果采用“打釘”的方式，在鋁單板上就會有使用角碼形成的“小耳朵”，通過“打釘”的方式將“小耳朵”與基層鋼架進行固定，之后將縫隙處通過壓條或者打膠的方式進行收口。

If the "nailing" method is used, there will be "small ears" formed by corner codes on the aluminum veneer. The "small ears" will be fixed to the base steel frame through the "nailing" method, and then the gaps will be closed by pressing or gluing.

△半柱面鋁板

△ Half cylindrical aluminum plate

這種打釘固定鋁單板的方式，幾乎可以解決60%以上大面積鋁單板的安裝問題了。也是鋁單板多的安裝方式，被廣泛用于鋁單板吊頂、墻柱面的安裝中。

This method of nailing and fixing aluminum veneers can almost solve the installation problem of over 60% of large area aluminum veneers. It is also a common installation method for aluminum veneers and is widely used in the installation of aluminum veneers for suspended ceilings and wall and column surfaces.

c、實例演示

c. Example demonstration

03.

three

扣裝式鋁單板的節(jié)點做法

Node practice of buckle mounted aluminum veneer

“膠粘”和“打釘”大家都有一定的了解了，接下來，再給大家介紹2種“扣裝式”鋁單板安裝方式：“干掛式”和“卡扣式”。（這2種叫法只是我們這里的叫法，沒有統(tǒng)一標準，大家記住節(jié)點做法就行。）

Everyone has a certain understanding of "adhesive" and "nailing". Next, we will introduce two "snap on" aluminum veneer installation methods: "dry hanging" and "snap on". (These two terms are just our terms here and there is no unified standard. Just remember the node method.)

1、干掛式

1. Dry hanging type

a、節(jié)點分析

a. Nodal analysis

“干掛式”的鋁單板節(jié)點做法比較典型，它的工藝流程和基層做法可以代表所有采用“扣裝式”和“打釘式”來安裝的金屬板構(gòu)造。

The "dry hanging" aluminum veneer node method is quite typical, and its process flow and grassroots method can represent all metal plate structures installed using "buckle type" and "nail type" methods.

具體的施工流程是：測量、彈線→固定角鋼角碼→固定豎向龍骨→安裝U型槽鋁→安裝金屬板→清理、保護

The specific construction process is: measurement, line snapping, fixing angle steel angle codes, fixing vertical keels, installing U-shaped groove aluminum, installing metal plates, cleaning, and protection

b、設(shè)計把控要點

b. Design control points

① 采用這種“干掛式”做法，豎龍骨間距與板塊寬度相同，建議金屬板塊寬度≤1200mm。

① Using this "dry hanging" method, the spacing between vertical keels is the same as the width of the plate, and it is recommended that the width of the metal plate be ≤ 1200mm.

② 為保證終飾面效果的平整度，采用“干掛式”做法的金屬板厚度不宜＜2mm，板塊越大厚度越厚，且需在板材背部加設(shè)背筋（加強筋）來保證金屬板的平整度。

② To ensure the flatness of the final finish effect, the thickness of the metal plate using the "dry hanging" method should not be less than 2mm. The larger the plate, the thicker the thickness, and it is necessary to add back ribs (reinforcing ribs) on the back of the plate to ensure the flatness of the metal plate.

③ 固定豎龍骨的角碼間距宜≤1200mm，但如果在輕體砌塊上進行安裝，則不能采用這種角碼固定的方式，應(yīng)將角碼固定在混凝土圈梁或樓板、結(jié)構(gòu)梁上。

③ The spacing between corner codes for fixing vertical keels should be ≤ 1200mm, but if installed on lightweight blocks, this method of corner code fixation cannot be used. Instead, corner codes should be fixed on concrete ring beams, floors, and structural beams.

△用基層板來代替鋼架排布的做法

The practice of using base plate instead of steel frame layout

④ 采用基層板作為基體代替鋼架來固定U型槽或吃釘，能夠不受板塊大小影響，相對布置靈活，但由于基層采用木夾板，防火性能不高。

④ Using a base plate as the base instead of a steel frame to fix U-shaped grooves or nails can be relatively flexible without being affected by the size of the plate. However, due to the use of wooden plywood in the base, the fire resistance performance is not high.

⑤ “干掛式”做法的金屬板的陰陽角的做法如下所示：

⑤ The internal and external corners of the metal plate in the "dry hanging" method are as follows:

2、卡扣式

2. Snap on type

這種做法比較簡單粗暴，也是比較新的鋁單板固定法。其優(yōu)點是比“干掛式”鋁單板安裝更快、成本更低、構(gòu)造也非常簡單，被廣泛用于一些小空間的鋁板墻面。但是從市場占有率上來說，遠不及“干掛式”和“打釘式”的做法，因此，這種做法作為了解即

This method is relatively simple and rough, and it is also a relatively new aluminum veneer fixation method. Its advantages are faster installation, lower cost, and very simple construction compared to the "dry hanging" aluminum veneer, which is widely used for aluminum panel walls in some small spaces. However, in terms of market share, it is far inferior to the "dry hanging" and "nailing" methods. Therefore, as an understanding, this approach is